Definition and Examples of Parallel Structures

In English grammar, parallel structure  involves two or more words, phrases, or clauses that are similar in length and grammatical form. Also called parallelism. By convention, items in a series appear in parallel grammatical form: a noun is listed with other nouns, an -ing form with other -ing forms, and so on. The use of parallel structures, says  Ann Raimes, helps produce cohesion and coherence in a text (Keys for Writers, 2014).  In traditional grammar, the failure to express such items in similar grammatical form is called faulty parallelism. Examples and Observations Parallel Structures in Proverbs- Easy come, easy go.- No pain, no gain.-  Sometimes you win, sometimes you lose.- One mans trash is another mans treasure.- A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.Never hurry and never worry!(Charlottes advice to Wilbur in Charlottes Web by E.B. White, 1952)It is by logic we prove, but by intuition we discover.(Leonardo da Vinci)We spend our youth attempting to change the future, and the rest of our lives trying to preserve the past.(Arthur Bryant in Seventy-Seven Clocks by Christopher Fowler. Bantam, 2005)  Humanity has advanced, when it has advanced, not because it has been sober, responsible, and cautious, but because it has been playful, rebellious, and immature.(Tom Robbins, Still Life with Woodpecker, 1980)When success happens to an English writer, he acquires a new typewriter. When success happens to an American writer, he acquires a new life.(Martin Amis, Kurt Vonnegut: After the Slaughterhouse. The Moronic Inferno. Jonathan Cape, 1986 )A good ad should be like a good sermon; it must not only comfort the afflicted—it also must afflict the comfortable.​(Bernice Fitz-Gibbon, Macys, Gimbels, and Me: How to Earn $90,000 a Year in Retail Advertising. Simon and Schuster, 1967)If you are idle, be not solitary; if you are solitary, be not idle.(Samuel Johnson, quoted by James Boswell in The Life of Samuel Johnson, 1791)Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.(Francis Bacon, Of Studies, 1625)Those who write clearly have readers; those who write obscurely have commentators.(Attributed to Albert Camus)I had been short, and now I was tall. I had been skinny and quiet and religious, and now I was good-looking and muscular. It was Sally Baldwin who brought me along, told me what to wear and do and think and say. She was never wrong; she never lost her patience. She created me, and when she was done we broke up in a formal se nse, but she kept calling me.(Jane Smiley, Good Faith. Alfred A. Knopf, 2003)The wheels wheeled, the chairs spun, the cotton candy tinted the faces of children, the bright leaves tinted the woods and hills. A cluster of amplifiers spread the theme of love over everything and everybody; the mild breeze spread the dust over everything and everybody. Next morning, in the Lafayette Hotel in Portland, I went down to breakfast and found May Craig looking solemn at one of the tables and Mr. Murray, the auctioneer, looking cheerful at another.(E.B. White, Goodbye to Forty-Eighth Street. Essays of E.B. White. Harper, 1977) Guidelines for Creating Parallel Structures Adjectives should be paralleled by adjectives, nouns by nouns, dependent clauses by dependent clauses, and so on.​WRONG: Your new training program was stimulating and a challenge. (Adjective and noun.)RIGHT: Your new training program was stimulating and challenging. (Two adjectives.) . . .NOTE: Parallelism is especially important in displayed enumerations: POOR: This article will discuss:1. How to deal with corporate politics.2. Coping with stressful situations.3. What the role of the manager should be in the community. BETTER: This article will discuss:1. Ways to deal with corporate politics.2. Techniques of coping with stressful situations.3. The​ role of the manager in the community. OR: This article will tell managers how to:1. Deal with corporate politics.2. Cope with stressful situations.3. Function in the community. (William A. Sabin, The Gregg Reference Manual, 10th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2005)When you write a sentence with a series of clauses, make sure that they start and end the same way. If you dont, you destroy the rhythm youve tried to establish. More important, if you use parallel structures your readers will have a more enjoyable time absorbing and understanding your facts, ideas, and concepts.(Robert M. Knight, A Journalistic Approach to Good Writing. Wiley, 2003)

Christianity And Hinduism A Theological Perspective

When looking at Christianity and Hinduism there are many ways to look at each religion from a theological perspective. This is why the best way to look at the broad view of these religions would be to analyze each by comparing and contrasting what each religion is about. The first point to look at would be at how Hinduism and Christianity are very similar in how they view the world. This can be seen in how they both strive to achieve a state of higher being whether it be with the eternal state of Moksha or eternal life in heaven with God. They both also look to be more introspective of themselves in order to maintain a good relationship with their higher being. This can be seen with Christians trying their hardest to maintain their faithfulness to God (Letter to the Romans, Reader p. 200) or Hindus making sure to maintain their duties in their caste in order to climb the system (Bhagavad Gita, Reader p. 75). Another comparison would be that Christianity follows the â€Å"Golde n Rule† which is better known in the Hindu religion as karma. This is an important cornerstone to both religions because it creates a system of justice for both religions to follow. To truly examine these two religions one must also look at the differences that each religion has to each other that make them each a unique belief. A main difference would be that Christianity focuses more on the short term while Hinduism focuses more on the long term. Another difference is the rewards that a ChristianShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Spiritual Conditions May Impact The Success Of Patient s Treatment And How Helpful Human Faith?1394 Words   |  6 Pagesto assess whether spiritual conditions may impact the success of patient’s treatment and how helpful human faith can be.The aim of this paper is to share the spiritual perspectives of people with diverse faiths and to analyze those with Christian philosophy of faith and healing. 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Deciduous Forests Essay Example For Students

Deciduous Forests Essay Deciduous ForestsINTRODUCTION A deciduous forest, simply described is a forest that is leaflessduring the winter. Eury species make up this type of forest, meaning that thespecies can tolerate a wide range of conditions.In the extreme northernlatitudes, the growing season is short causing the trees to be leafless themajority of the year. The deciduous forest is subjected to distinct weathercycles and temperature shifts. In this area of the northeast we experience fourdistinct seasons, and for a tree species to thrive it must adapt to the stressescorresponding to each season. Of the three basic types of temperate broadleaf forests, (temperate deciduousforest, temperate woodlands, and temperate evergreen forest) our lab data dealswith characteristics of the temperate deciduous forest. This forest type oncecovered large portions of Eurasia, South America, and North America. As withmost native forests, they have been cleared so that the land could be used forfarming or residential use. The temperate deciduous forests of North Americawere more diverse than the same type of forests in Europe due to glacial history. Glacial action dumped till as the ice edge retreated, and North Americainherited a fertile soil base. Soil type is an important factor for whichspecies of trees can thrive in an area. The general dominant tree species fortemperate deciduous forests are Beech, Ash, Oak, and in our region also Tulip,Maple, Birch, and Hickory. Developed forests consist of four layers. The layersare: canopy, sub canopy, shrub, and ground cover. This layering affect benefitsthe diversity of the ecosystem by providing a rich variety of habitats. It is aresult of adaptation and competition for sunlight and shows the continuingprocess of succession. The stratification of a forest, by intercepting the someof the available sunlight at various locations, also creates micro-climates witha wide range of temperatures and moisture conditions. The soil composition alsogreatly influences the amount of water that is available to the plant species. The composition of the soil, the various layer development and the nutrientcontent are major factors in the survival of specific species of trees. Climateand soil type are a-biotic factors, meaning they are outside and uncontrollableby the species itself. Insect infestations such as Gypsy moths and disease suchas the Chestnut blight are also a-biotic factors that in a relatively shortperiod of time can severely thin out or destroy a specific species of tree.Itmight just add enough stress to one species, where a competing species will thenout-compete it and then dominate. The cycle of dropping the leaves when the days grow short is vital for thereplenishment of nutrients in the soil. This litter layer decomposes and returnsorganic material to the trees through leeching and decomposition into the uppersoil layers where they can be reused by re-absorption through the roots. METHODS This lab involved the investigation of a deciduous forest located on theundeveloped portion of the campus. The survey techniques used to collect datafor the vegetation analysis portion of this lab were the quadrant and lineintercept methods. Using pre-established 25 meter square plots, on oppositesides of a stream, the tree species and sizes were mapped and recorded. Breastheight diameter measurements were made on the canopy and sub canopy trees ineach quadrant. The types of trees found and the number per species was recordedand used to figure which species were dominate. Each quadrant also used a randomline intercept of 10 meters in length to determine the density of the bushcoverage of the quadrants. A soil analysis of both sides of the creek was alsoconducted to determine the affects of a-biotic conditions on the species..recorded in the vegetation analysis. Multiple samples of the A1 and A2 horizonswere collected and analyzed using standard screening and drying stages tod etermine soil particle size and moisture content. The measurement of thespecific gravity using a hydrometer while the soil particles are settling out ina flask is used to calculate the percentages of sand, silt, and clay fractionsof the soil samples. These sampling techniques were derived from exercises #14and #40 located in: George W. Cox, Laboratory Manual of General Ecology, seventhedition, W.C. Brown Publishing, 1996. .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 , .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .postImageUrl , .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 , .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:hover , .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:visited , .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:active { border:0!important; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:active , .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79 .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8d09dc6b8fd724d2e46f110d74d02c79:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Portrait Of The Artist As Young Man (1090 words) EssayRESULTS DISCUSSION The data for this lab was analyzed in stages.In the twocharts provided, the overall differences between the two sides of the forest canbe seen. The first chart compares the tree species found on each side of theforest and shows the relative dominance.Relative